庄司 暁
| 基盤理工学専攻 | 准教授 |
| Ⅲ類（理工系） | 准教授 |
| 量子科学研究センター | 准教授 |
研究者情報
経歴
学歴
研究活動情報
論文
- Coating Silver Tree‐like Fractal Structure with Silica Layer for Inhibiting Chemical Reactions of Analytes in Surface‐Enhanced Raman Scattering
Hiroya Watanabe; Yurin Hishii; Kanna Kishimoto; Kohei Nogami; Qingyuan Ma; Tomoya Niki; Tomoki Kotani; Toshihiko Kiwa; Satoru Shoji; Takahiro Ohkubo; Jun Kano; Nobuyuki Takeyasu
physica status solidi (a), Wiley, 220巻, 20号, 出版日 2023年10月18日
研究論文（学術雑誌） - Self-growth of silver tree-like fractal structures with different geometries
K. Nogami; K. Kishimoto; Y. Hashimoto; H. Watanabe; Y. Hishi; Q. Ma; T. Niki; T. Kotani; T. Kiwa; S. Shoji; T. Ohkubo; J. Kano; N. Takeyasu
Appl. Phys. A, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 128,巻, 10号, 掲載ページ 860, 出版日 2022年09月05日, 査読付
研究論文（学術雑誌）, 英語 - Coherent Spatiotemporal Phase Control by Combining Optical Frequency Combs and Optical Vortices
浅原 彰文; 庄司 暁; 近藤 健一; 王 月; 美濃島 薫
CLEO:2018, SI巻, 掲載ページ STu4P.3, 出版日 2018年05月, 査読付
研究論文（国際会議プロシーディングス）, 英語 - Ultrasmall all-optical plasmonic switch and its application to superresolution imaging
Hsueh-Yu Wu; Yen-Ta Huang; Po-Ting Shen; Hsuan Lee; Ryosuke Oketani; Yasuo Yonemaru; Masahito Yamanaka; Satoru Shoji; Kung-Hsuan Lin; Chih-Wei Chang; Satoshi Kawata; Katsumasa Fujita; Shi-Wei Chu
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS, NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP, 6巻, 掲載ページ 24293, 出版日 2016年04月, 査読付, Because of their exceptional local-field enhancement and ultrasmall mode volume, plasmonic components can integrate photonics and electronics at nanoscale, and active control of plasmons is the key. However, all-optical modulation of plasmonic response with nanometer mode volume and unity modulation depth is still lacking. Here we show that scattering from a plasmonic nanoparticle, whose volume is smaller than 0.001 mu m(3), can be optically switched off with less than 100 mu W power. Over 80% modulation depth is observed, and shows no degradation after repetitive switching. The spectral bandwidth approaches 100 nm. The underlying mechanism is suggested to be photothermal effects, and the effective single-particle nonlinearity reaches nearly 10(-9) m(2)/W, which is to our knowledge the largest record of metallic materials to date. As a novel application, the non-bleaching and unlimitedly switchable scattering is used to enhance optical resolution to lambda/5 (lambda/9 after deconvolution), with 100-fold less intensity requirement compared to similar superresolution techniques. Our work not only opens up a new field of ultrasmall all-optical control based on scattering from a single nanoparticle, but also facilitates superresolution imaging for long-term observation.
研究論文（学術雑誌）, 英語 - Study of Nonlinear Plasmonic Scattering in Metallic Nanoparticles
Y.-T. Chen; P.-H. Lee; P.-T. Shen; J. Launer; R. Oketani; K.-Y. Li; Y.-T. Huang; K. Masui; S. Shoji; K. Fujita; S.-W. Chu
ACS Photonics, 3巻, 掲載ページ 1432, 出版日 2016年, 査読付
研究論文（学術雑誌）, 英語 - カーボンナノチューブ含有樹脂を用いた2光子造形法
庄司 暁
月刊OPTRONICS, オプトロニクス社, 35巻, 5号, 掲載ページ 140-144, 出版日 2016年, 査読付
研究論文（学術雑誌）, 日本語 - Size dependent nanomechanics of coil spring shaped polymer nanowires
Shota Ushiba; Kyoko Masui; Natsuo Taguchi; Tomoki Hamano; Satoshi Kawata; Satoru Shoji
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS, NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP, 5巻, 掲載ページ 17152, 出版日 2015年11月, 査読付, Direct laser writing (DLW) via two-photon polymerization (TPP) has been established as a powerful technique for fabrication and integration of nanoscale components, as it enables the production of three dimensional (3D) micro/nano objects. This technique has indeed led to numerous applications, including micro- and nanoelectromechanical systems (MEMS/NEMS), metamaterials, mechanical metamaterials, and photonic crystals. However, as the feature sizes decrease, an urgent demand has emerged to uncover the mechanics of nanosized polymer materials. Here, we fabricate coil spring shaped polymer nanowires using DLW via two-photon polymerization. We find that even the nanocoil springs follow a linear-response against applied forces, following Hooke's law, as revealed by compression tests using an atomic force microscope. Further, the elasticity of the polymer material is found to become significantly greater as the wire radius is decreased from 550 to 350 nm. Polarized Raman spectroscopy measurements show that polymer chains are aligned in nanowires along the axis, which may be responsible for the size dependence. Our findings provide insight into the nanomechanics of polymer materials fabricated by DLW, which leads to further applications based on nanosized polymer materials.
研究論文（学術雑誌）, 英語 - Chirality-Selective Optical Scattering Force on Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes
Susan E. Skelton Spesyvtseva; Satoru Shoji; Satoshi Kawata
PHYSICAL REVIEW APPLIED, AMER PHYSICAL SOC, 3巻, 4号, 掲載ページ 044003, 出版日 2015年04月, 査読付, We show that optical forces acting on carbon nanotubes are substantially enhanced when the optical wavelength is tuned to resonances in the electronic band structure. Using a tunable laser source, we experimentally demonstrate a resonant optical scattering force on single-walled carbon nanotubes and, by tuning the wavelength, exploit this force to achieve chirality enrichment of four chiralities of nanotubes. Our results represent a significant step towards optical manipulation and sorting of carbon nanotubes based on their chiral vector.
研究論文（学術雑誌）, 英語 - 共鳴効果を用いたナノ微粒子の光圧選別法
庄司 暁; スーザン スケルトン
分光研究, 日本分光学会, 64巻, 3号, 掲載ページ 408-410, 出版日 2015年, 査読付
研究論文（学術雑誌）, 日本語 - Direct laser writing 3D architectures of aligned carbon nanotubes
S. Ushiba; S. Shoji; K. Masui; J. Kono; S. Kawata
Advanced Materials, 26巻, 32号, 掲載ページ 5653-5657, 出版日 2014年06月18日, 査読付
研究論文（学術雑誌）, 英語 - Macroscopic Ensembles of Aligned Carbon Nanotubes in Bubble Imprints Studied by Polarized Raman Microscopy
Shota Ushiba; Jordan Hoyt; Kyoko Masui; Junichiro Kono; Satoshi Kawata; Satoru Shoji
JOURNAL OF NANOMATERIALS, HINDAWI PUBLISHING CORPORATION, 2014巻, 掲載ページ 632501, 出版日 2014年, 査読付, We study the alignment of single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) in bubble imprints through polarized Raman microscopy. A hemispherical bubble containing SWCNTs is pressed against a glass substrate, resulting in an imprint of the bubble membrane with a coffee ring on the substrate. We find that macroscopic ensembles of aligned SWCNTs are obtained in the imprints, in which there are three patterns of orientations: (i) azimuthal alignment on the coffee ring, (ii) radial alignment at the edge of the membrane, and (iii) random orientation at the center of the membrane. We also find that the alignment of SWCNTs in the imprints can be manipulated by spinning bubbles. The orientation of SWCNTs on the coffee ring is directed radially, which is orthogonal to the case of unspun bubbles. This approach enables one to align SWCNTs in large quantities and in a short time, potentially opening up a wide range of CNT-based electronic and optical applications.
研究論文（学術雑誌）, 英語 - Saturation and Reverse Saturation of Scattering in a Single Plasmonic Nanoparticle
S.-W. Chu; H.-Y. Wu; Y.-T. Huang; T.-Y. Su; H. Lee; Y. Yonemaru; M. Yamanaka; R. Oketani; S. Kawata; S. Shoji; K. Fujita
ACS Photonics, 1巻, 1号, 掲載ページ 32-37, 出版日 2013年11月12日, 査読付
研究論文（学術雑誌）, 英語 - 3D microfabrication of single-wall carbon nanotube/polymer composites by two-photon polymerization lithography
Shota Ushiba; Satoru Shoji; Kyoko Masui; Preeya Kuray; Junichiro Kono; Satoshi Kawata
CARBON, PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD, 59巻, 掲載ページ 283-288, 出版日 2013年08月, 査読付, We present a method to develop single-wall carbon nanotube (SWCNT)/polymer composites into arbitrary three-dimensional micro/nano structures. Our approach, based on two-photon polymerization lithography, allows one to fabricate three-dimensional SWCNT/polymer composites with a minimum spatial resolution of a few hundreds nm. A near-infrared femtosecond pulsed laser beam was focused onto a SWCNT-dispersed photo resin, and the laser light solidified a nanometric volume of the resin. The focus spot was three-dimensionally scanned, resulting in the fabrication of arbitrary shapes of SWCNT/polymer composites. SWCNTs were uniformly distributed throughout the whole structures, even in a few hundreds nm thick nanowires. Furthermore, we also found an intriguing phenomenon that SWCNTs were self-aligned in polymer nanostructures, promising improvements in mechanical and electrical properties. Our method has great potential to open up a wide range of applications such as micro- and nanoelectromechanical systems, micro/nano actuators, sensors, and photonics devices based on CNTs. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
研究論文（学術雑誌）, 英語 - Two photon polymerization lithography for 3D micro fabrication of single wall carbon nanotube/polymer composites
Shota Ushiba; Satoru Shoji; Preeya Kuray; Kyoko Masui; Junichiro Kono; Satoshi Kawata
ADVANCED FABRICATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR MICRO/NANO OPTICS AND PHOTONICS VI, SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING, 8613巻, 掲載ページ 86130Y, 出版日 2013年, 査読付, Two photon polymerization (TPP) lithography has been established as a powerful tool to develop 3D fine structures of polymer materials(1,2),opening up a wide range applications such as micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS)(3). TPP lithography is also promising for 3D micro fabrication of nanocomposites embedded with nanomaterials such as metal nanoparticles(4). Here, we make use of TPP lithography to fabricate 3D micro structural single wall carbon nanotube (SWCNT)/polymer composites. SWCNTs exhibit remarkable mechanical, electrical, thermal and optical properties, which leads to enhance performances of polymers by loading SWCNTs. SWCNTs were uniformly dispersed in an acrylate UV-curable monomer including a few amounts of photo-initiator and photo-sensitizer. A femtosecond pulsed laser emitting at 780 nm was focused onto the resin, resulting in the photo-polymerization of a nanometric volume of the resin through TPP. By scanning the focus spot three dimensionally, arbitrary 3D structures were created. The spatial resolution of the fabrication was sub-micrometer, and SWCNTs were embedded in the sub-micro sized structures. The fabrication technique enables one to fabricate 3D micro structural SWCNT/polymer composites into desired shapes, and thus the technique should open up the further applications of SWCNT/polymer composites such as micro sized photomechanical actuators.
研究論文（国際会議プロシーディングス）, 英語 - Plasmonic resonance enhancement of single gold nanorod in two-photon photopolymerization for fabrication of polymer/metal nanocomposites
Kyoko Masui; Satoru Shoji; Feng Jin; Xuan-Ming Duan; Satoshi Kawata
APPLIED PHYSICS A-MATERIALS SCIENCE & PROCESSING, SPRINGER, 106巻, 4号, 掲載ページ 773-778, 出版日 2012年03月, 査読付, We investigated the plasmonic resonance enhanced two-photon photopolymerization (PETPP) using the isolated chemical synthesized gold nanorods for fabrication of polymer/metal nanocomposites. The isolated gold nanorods with the plasmonic resonance band around 750 nm covered by photoresist were irradiated by a femtosecond laser with the wavelength of 780 nm. The PETPP trigged by the plasmonic resonance enhancement of gold nanorods was localized only in the distance smaller than 30 nm from the surface of gold nanorods, which matched the distance of plasmonic resonant enhanced field of the gold nanorod. The shapes of obtained polymer/gold nanocomposites were changed from the "dumbbell" to the "ellipsoid" with the increase of laser irradiating intensity used for PETPP. This study would provide a potential method for fabricating the plasmonic nanomaterials and nanostructures of polymer/metal nanocomposites, which could be expected to be applied in the emerging fields such as nanophotonics, nanobiosensor, nanolithography.
研究論文（学術雑誌）, 英語 - Femtosecond laser fabrication of gold nanorod/polymer composite microstructures
Kyoko Masui; Satoru Shoji; Shota Ushiba; Xuan-Ming Duan; Satoshi Kawata
PLASMONICS: METALLIC NANOSTRUCTURES AND THEIR OPTICAL PROPERTIES X, SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING, 8457巻, 掲載ページ 84571Y, 出版日 2012年, 査読付, We present a fabrication method of gold nanorod/polymer composite microstructures by means of a femtosecond near-infrared laser light. The mechanism of this method is based on a cooperation of two optical reactions; two-photon polymerization (TPP) reaction only at the surface of gold nanorods, and optical accumulation of gold nanorods in photo-polymerizable resin. Gold nanorods were mass-produced by seed mediated growth method, and were mono-dispersed in photo-resin. The wavelength of the laser light was tuned resonant to two-photon absorption of the photo-resin, and also close to a longitudinal local surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) mode of the gold nanorods. The laser light excited LSPR onto gold nanorods, resulting in the formation of thin polymer layer only at their surface through TPP. Concurrently occurring optical accumulation of gold nanorods by continuous irradiation of laser light, gold nanorods got together into focus spot. The TPP layer at the surface of gold nanorods worked as a glue to stick one another for forming their aggregated structure in micro/nano scale. By controlling the intensity and the exposure time of laser light, an optimal condition was found to induce dominant polymerization without any thermal damages. The scanning of the focus spot makes it possible to create arbitrary micro/nano structures. This method has a potential to create plasmonic optical materials by controlling the alignment of gold nanorods.
研究論文（国際会議プロシーディングス）, 英語 - Femtosceond laser assisted photobleaching of single-wall carbon nanotubes
Satoru Shoji; Hideaki Kobayashi; Thomas Rodgers; Satoshi Kawata
SYNTHESIS AND PHOTONICS OF NANOSCALE MATERIALS IX, SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING, 8245巻, 掲載ページ 82450C, 出版日 2012年, 査読付, We present femtosecond laser induced photobleaching of individually isolated single-wall carbon nanotubes. Monodispersed single-wall carbon nanotubes fixed in aqueous gel were exposed under tightly focused femtosecond laser light. We measured photoluminescence spectra of single-wall carbon nanotubes before/after the laser irradiation. Because of unique excitonic band structures of single-wall carbon nanotubes, we clearly observed strong selectivity in the chirality and the orientation of carbon nanotubes depending on the wavelength and polarization of laser light. We also observed the difference from the case of continuous wave laser irradiation in the chirality selectivity and the efficiency of photobleaching.
研究論文（国際会議プロシーディングス）, 英語 - Laser fabrication of Au nanorod aggregates microstructures assisted by two-photon polymerization
Kyoko Masui; Satoru Shoji; Kenji Asaba; Thomas C. Rodgers; Feng Jin; Xuan-Ming Duan; Satoshi Kawata
Optics Express, 19巻, 23号, 掲載ページ 22786-22796, 出版日 2011年10月26日, 査読付
研究論文（学術雑誌）, 英語 - Photo-polymerizable gold nanorods / methyl methacrylate composite for plasmonic optical application
Kyoko Masui; Satoru Shoji; Xuan-Ming Duan; Satoshi Kawata
Materials Research Society Symposium Proceedings, 1312巻, 掲載ページ 319-324, 出版日 2011年, 査読付, We prepared a photo-polymerizable compound of Au nanorods and methyl methacrylate (MMA). An irradiation of ultraviolet (UV) light onto the compound induces photo-polymerization of MMA, resulting in a formation of an Au nanorods/PMMA composite. Au nanorods were synthesized by seed-mediated growth method in aqueous solution. Hydrophobically functionalized Au nanorods were dispersed into MMA with a small amount of photosensitizer and initiator. We investigated the stability and the uniformity of the dispersion of Au nanorods during the photo-polymerization process through VIS-NIR absorption spectroscopy. We also demonstrated the use of the compound for two-photon micro/nanolithography. © 2011 Materials Research Society.
研究論文（国際会議プロシーディングス）, 英語 - Size-dependent behaviors of femtosecond laser-prototyped polymer micronanowires
Kenji Takada; Dong Wu; Qi-Dai Chen; Satoru Shoji; Hong Xia; Satoshi Kawata; Hong-Bo Sun
OPTICS LETTERS, OPTICAL SOC AMER, 34巻, 5号, 掲載ページ 566-568, 出版日 2009年03月, 査読付, A remarkable recent progress in two-photon photopolymerization is the achievement of fabrication resolution around tens of nanometers, establishing a femtosecond laser as a nanofabrication tool. However, how the superresolution has been made possible is still under arguement. We propose a concept of polymer network permeability to solvents, meaning a structure-loosened nanopolymer state that allows free penetration of small molecules to interpret the mechanism. Experimentally, we found proof showing existence of the state, including an unusually large volume shrinkage rate (>60%), shape-memory effect, a giant softness of nanospring, and the mechanical stability of rinsed two-photon written polymer nanowires. (C) 2009 Optical Society of America
研究論文（学術雑誌）, 英語 - Two-photon induced polymer nanomovement
Hidekazu Ishitobi; Satoru Shoji; Tsunemi Hiramatsu; Hong-Bo Sun; Zouheir Sekkat; Satoshi Kawata
OPTICS EXPRESS, OPTICAL SOC AMER, 16巻, 18号, 掲載ページ 14106-14114, 出版日 2008年09月, 査読付, We present the first report of two-photon induced plastic surface deformation in solid polymer films. Exposure of azo polymer films, which absorb in the visible range (lambda(max) = 480 nm), to intense 920 nm irradiation leads to polarization dependent photofluidic polymer nanomovement caused by photoselective two-photon trans <-> cis isomerization. The deformations were induced by a gradient of light intensity; and strongly depend on the wavelength and the polarization direction of the incident laser light and the position of the focused spot with respect to the plane of the polymer film. (C) 2008 Optical Society of America.
研究論文（学術雑誌）, 英語 - Manipulating full photonic band gap in two dimensional birefringent photonic crystals
Remo Proietti Zaccaria; Prabhat Verma; Satoshi Kawaguchi; Satoru Shoji; Satoshi Kawata
OPTICS EXPRESS, OPTICAL SOC AMER, 16巻, 19号, 掲載ページ 14812-14820, 出版日 2008年09月, 査読付, The probability to realize a full photonic band gap in two-dimensional birefringent photonic crystals can be readily manipulated by introducing symmetry reduction or air holes in the crystal elements. The results lie in either creation of new band gaps or enlargement of existing band gaps. In particular, a combination of the two processes produces an effect much stronger than a simple summation of their individual contributions. Materials with both relatively low refractive index ( rutile) and high refractive index (tellurium) were considered. The combined effect of introduction of symmetry reduction and air holes resulted in a maximum enlargement of the band gaps by 8.4% and 20.2%, respectively, for the two materials. (C) 2008 Optical Society of America.
研究論文（学術雑誌）, 英語 - Selective aggregation of single-walled carbon nanotubes using the large optical field gradient of a focused laser beam
Thomas Rodgers; Satoru Shoji; Zouheir Sekkat; Satoshi Kawata
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS, AMER PHYSICAL SOC, 101巻, 12号, 掲載ページ 127402, 出版日 2008年09月, 査読付, We demonstrate the selective aggregation of single-walled carbon nanotubes by photon forces, using the large optical field gradient of a laser focused through a high numerical aperture objective lens. The nanotubes, dispersed in an aqueous solution with a surfactant, are detected via Raman scattering from the confocal volume of the optical trap. By using a visible-light laser for both trapping and detection, the dynamics of the radial breathing mode signal taken at short intervals shows an increase of a single breathing mode over time, indicating the increase in the density of only one species of tube in the focal volume. This result represents a significant step toward the development of techniques for the arbitrary manipulation and sorting of nanotubes by optical fields.
研究論文（学術雑誌）, 英語 - Multi-shot interference approach for any kind of Bravais lattice
R. P. Zaccaria; S. Shoji; H.-B. Sun; S. Kawata
Applied Physics B, 93巻, 1号, 掲載ページ 251-256, 出版日 2008年08月27日, 査読付
研究論文（学術雑誌）, 英語 - Dual photonic band gap and reversible tuning of 3D photonic crystal fabricated by multiphoton polymerization with photoresponsive polymer
Q. Ya; W.-Q. Chen; X.-Z. Dong; T. Rodgers; S. Nakanishi; S. Shoji; X.-M. Duan; S. Kawata
Applied Physics A, 93巻, 2号, 掲載ページ 393-398, 出版日 2008年07月13日, 査読付
研究論文（学術雑誌）, 英語 - Optical polarizer made of uniaxially aligned short single-wall carbon nanotubes embedded in a polymer film
Satoru Shoji; Hidemasa Suzuki; Remo Proietti Zaccaria; Zouheir Sekkat; Satoshi Kawata
PHYSICAL REVIEW B, AMER PHYSICAL SOC, 77巻, 15号, 掲載ページ 153407, 出版日 2008年04月, 査読付, An intrinsic characteristic of carbon nanotubes (CNTs), which are allotropes of carbon, is one-dimensional anisotropy. It is derived from the peculiar geometrical shape of the molecules and is manifested in their electrical, thermal, mechanical, and optical properties. Here, we report an optical polarizer that makes effective use of such anisotropy of CNTs. The polarizer we fabricated is made of uniaxially aligned CNTs embedded in a polymer film. Thanks to the pi plasmon-originated broad absorption spectrum and strong optical anisotropy of single-wall CNTs (SWCNTs), the film exhibits a degree of polarization of similar to 90% with keeping flat transmittance through the spectral region from 350 to 800 nm. In order to efficiently obtain well-aligned CNTs, we used SWCNTs shortened into a length of less than 200 nm. We also observed enhancement of the degree of polarization at the wavelengths of Van Hove singularities.
研究論文（学術雑誌）, 英語 - Size dependence of transition temperature in polymer nanowires
Sana Nakanishi; Hirofumi Yoshikawa; Satoru Shoji; Zouheir Sekkat; Satoshi Kawata
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B, AMER CHEMICAL SOC, 112巻, 12号, 掲載ページ 3586-3589, 出版日 2008年03月, 査読付, We studied the effect of changing temperature on the mechanical properties of nanosized poly(methyl methacrylate) wires fabricated by two-photon fabrication. At around room temperature, the nanowires showed a transition temperature where the shear modulus suddenly changed. This transition temperature was observed to decrease more than 40 K by decreasing the radius of the nanowires from 450 to 150 nm. This size is several times larger in nanowires than reported values of polymer thin film thickness showing a depression of the glass transition temperature.
研究論文（学術雑誌）, 英語 - Light-induced accumulation of single-wall carbon nanotubes dispersed in aqueous solution
Satoru Shoji; Thomas Roders; Zouheir Sekkat; Satoshi Kawata
CARBON NANOTUBES AND ASSOCIATED DEVICES, SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING, 7037巻, 掲載ページ 70370O, 出版日 2008年, 査読付, We present evidence that, when laser light was tightly focused into aqueous suspension of mono-dispersed single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs), density of nanotubes was locally increased at the focus spot of light. We prepared mono-dispersed HiPco SWCNTs in an aqueous surfactant solution by sonication and following ultracentrifugation. We built a confocal Raman microscope system equipped with a 633 nm He-Ne laser, and launched the laser light into SWCNTs suspension filled in a glass micro-cell by a high numerical aperture objective lens (N.A.=1.35). We monitored temporal change in Raman spectrum of SWCNTs excited by the laser light. We clearly observed significant intensity increase of a particular radial breathing mode, however the increase of the Raman signal did not last permanently, rather showed transient response. This result implies that SWCNTs with particular chirality were selectively accumulated by optical gradient force of Raman-probing laser light. We discuss the independent behavior of the radial breathing modes, with respect to the wavelength of the laser light and the chirality of corresponding SWCNTs.
研究論文（国際会議プロシーディングス）, 英語 - Two- and three-dimensional micro/nanostructure patterning of CdS-polymer nanocomposites with a laser interference technique and in situ synthesis
Z.-B. Sun; X.-Z. Dong; W.-Q. Chen; S. Shoji; X.-M. Duan; S. Kawata
Nanotechnology, 19巻, 3号, 掲載ページ 1-8, 出版日 2007年10月17日, 査読付
研究論文（学術雑誌）, 英語 - Giant elasticity of photopolymer nanowires
Sana Nakanishi; Satoru Shoji; Satoshi Kawata; Hong-Bo Sun
APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS, AMER INST PHYSICS, 91巻, 6号, 掲載ページ 063112, 出版日 2007年08月, 査読付, Giant elasticity, reflected by a shear modulus three order smaller than seen in the bulk of the same materials, is found in polymer nanowires, which are prepared by two-photon polymerization into a shape of spring: geometry capable to magnify mechanical deformations. An approach intervening the competitive processes of dissolving and polymerization in the course of rinsing of written structures was proposed for continuously tuning the shear modulus and fixing them at desired level. These results not only reveal a characteristic of polymers when the material size enters into the regime of hundreds of nanometers but also indicate prospect polymer microelectromechanical system for biocompatible applications. (c) 2007 American Institute of Physics.
研究論文（学術雑誌）, 英語 - Optical polarizer made of mechanically aligned carbon nanotubes
Satoru Shoji; Hidemasa Suzuki; Remo Proietti Zaccaria; Zouheir Sekkat; Satoshi Kawata
NANOENGINEERING: FABRICATION, PROPERTIES, OPTICS, AND DEVICES IV, SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING, 6645巻, 掲載ページ 664516, 出版日 2007年, 査読付, We report optical, polarizer made of single-wall carbon nanotubes/poly(vinyl alcohol) composite. The film of the composite was mechanically stretched to form uniaxial alignment of carbon nanotubes in the polymer matrix. In order to obtain well-aligned carbon nanotubes efficiently, we used single-wall carbon nanotubes shortened into the length of less than 200 nm. Thanks to pi plasmon-originated broad absorption spectrum and strong anisotropy of single-wall carbon nanotubes, the film exhibits the degree of polarization of similar to 95 % with keeping flat transmittance through spectral region from 350 nm to 800 nm. We also observed enhancement of the degree of polarization at the wavelengths of van Hove singularities.
研究論文（国際会議プロシーディングス）, 英語 - Multi-step multi-beam laser interference patterning of three-dimensional photonic lattices
S Shoji; RP Zaccaria; HB Sun; S Kawata
OPTICS EXPRESS, OPTICAL SOC AMER, 14巻, 6号, 掲載ページ 2309-2316, 出版日 2006年03月, 査読付, We present laser interference patterning of three-dimensional photonic lattice structures with three-step three-beam irradiation. In contrast to one-step four-beam interference patterning, the proposed method makes it possible to continuously tune the lattice constant and the photonic band gap without distortion of the lattice shape. We analytically show that all fourteen Bravais lattices are possible to be produced by choosing proper incident vectors of laser beams. A simple routine to seek the geometrical configuration of the incident beams for producing arbitrary Bravais lattices is shown. Furthermore, We experimentally demonstrate the fabrication of three-dimensional photonic lattices in the photoresist SU-8. Significant photonic band gap effects have been observed from the well-defined photonic lattices. (c) 2006 Optical Society of America.
研究論文（学術雑誌）, 英語 - Direct laser writing defects in holographic lithography-created photonic lattices
HB Sun; A Nakamura; K Kaneko; S Shoji; S Kawata
OPTICS LETTERS, OPTICAL SOC AMER, 30巻, 8号, 掲載ページ 881-883, 出版日 2005年04月, 査読付, As a well-established laser fabrication approach, holographic lithography, or multibeam interference patterning, is known for its capability to create long-range ordered large-volume photonic crystals (PhCs) rapidly. Its broad use is, however, hampered by difficulty in inducing artificially designed defects for device functions. We use pinpoint femtosecond laser ablation to remove and two-photon photopolymerization to add desired defective features to obtain photonic acceptors and photonic donors, respectively, in an otherwise complete PhC matrix produced by holographic lithography. The combined use of the two direct laser writing technologies would immediately make holographic lithography a promising industrial tool for PhC manufacture. (c) 2005 Optical Society of America.
研究論文（学術雑誌）, 英語 - Pinpoint two-photon writing and multi-beam interferential patterning of three-dimensional polymer photonic crystals
S Kawata; S Shoji; HB Sun
IEICE TRANSACTIONS ON ELECTRONICS, IEICE-INST ELECTRONICS INFORMATION COMMUNICATIONS ENG, E87C巻, 3号, 掲載ページ 378-385, 出版日 2004年03月, 査読付, Lasers have been established as a unique nanoprocessing tool due to its intrinsic three-dimensional (3D) fabrication capability and the excellent compatibility to various functional materials. Here we report two methods that have been proved particularly promising for tailoring 3D photonic crystals (PhCs): pinpoint writing via two-photon photopolymerization and multibeam interferential patterning. In the two-photon fabrication, a finely quantified pixel writing scheme and a method of pre-compensation to the shrinkage induced by polymerization enable high-reproducibility and high-fidelity prototyping; well-defined diamond-lattice PhCs prove the arbitrary 3D processing capability of the two-photon technology. In the interference patterning method, we proposed and utilized a two-step exposure approach, which not only increases the number of achievable lattice types, but also expands the freedom in tuning lattice constant.
研究論文（学術雑誌）, 英語 - Micro/nanofabrication of two and three dimensional structures by two-photon polymerization
XM Duan; HB Sun; K Kaneko; A Nakamura; S Shoji; S Kawata
2003 THIRD IEEE CONFERENCE ON NANOTECHNOLOGY, VOLS ONE AND TWO, PROCEEDINGS, IEEE, 掲載ページ 498-501, 出版日 2003年, 査読付, Femtosecond infrared laser pulses are useful for laser micro/nanofabrication of two and three dimensional (2D & 3D) structures through multiphoton process. 2D & 3D polymeric structures were fabricated by two-photon polymerization. These features were produced by designing multibeam interference and writing patterns. The influence of post-developing process, which leads to a dramatic change in 2D rod array, also be discussed. These methods provide simple and rapid approaches for creating templates with designed 2D & 3D structure in micro/nanometer scales.
研究論文（国際会議プロシーディングス）, 英語 - Photo-fabrication of wood-pile three-dimensional photonic crystal by using laser interference
S Shoji; HB Sun; S Kawata
PHOTONIC CRYSTAL MATERIALS AND DEVICES, SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING, 5000巻, 掲載ページ 35-42, 出版日 2003年, 査読付, We present a method for fabricating three-dimensional photonic crystal structures by means of interference pattern of laser beams. Four laser beams are introduced into a glass cell filled with a liquid photopolymerizable resin. The resin is polymerized according to the interference pattern of four laser beams formed in the resin, so that a square lattice of solid polymer rod-array is formed. Four beams are introduced into the cell again from another face, which is perpendicular to the previous entrance face, to form another rod-array inside the previous one, thereby producing a three-dimensional photonic crystal structure. The shape of the formed lattice is so-called "wood-pile,,, which has diamond-like lattice symmetry. The lattice constant of the photonic crystal can be tuned by selecting incident angles of laser beams and can be minimized to about a half of the laser wavelength. After irradiation of laser light, the non-solidified resin is washed out of the polymer structure by ethanol. The proposed method does not require complicated multiple processes compared with the layer-by-layer fabrication method, and thick photonic crystals are immediately produced with high precision.
研究論文（国際会議プロシーディングス）, 英語 - Self-written waveguides in photosensitive materials
AA Sukhorukov; S Shoji; YS Kivshar; S Kawata
JOURNAL OF NONLINEAR OPTICAL PHYSICS & MATERIALS, WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD, 11巻, 4号, 掲載ページ 391-407, 出版日 2002年12月, 査読付, We present an overview of the physics of self-written waveguides created in photosensitive optical materials, including the experimental observations and the corresponding theoretical models for describing the growth of both bright and dark self-written beams. We discuss in more details the properties of self-written waveguides created in photosensitive polymers, which have been discovered in the recent experimental and theoretical studies. The self-writing process is essentially a nonlinear phenomenon, since the temporal dynamics depends on the optical exposure. Under appropriate conditions, permanent large changes in the refractive index axe induced along the propagation direction of an optical beam, so that optical channels, or "filaments", appear as waveguides becoming "frozen" in a photosensitive material. We describe the growth of individual filaments as well as the interaction of several filaments, also making a comparison between the physics of self-written waveguides and the concept of spatial optical solitons in self-focusing nonlinear media.
研究論文（学術雑誌）, 英語 - Self-written waveguides in photopolymerizable resins
S Shoji; S Kawata; AA Sukhorukov; YS Kivshar
OPTICS LETTERS, OPTICAL SOC AMER, 27巻, 3号, 掲載ページ 185-187, 出版日 2002年02月, 査読付, We study the optically induced growth and interaction of self-written waveguides in a photopolymerizable resin. We investigate experimentally how the interaction depends on the mutual coherence and the relative power of the input beams and suggest an improved analytical model that describes the growth of single waveguides and the main features of their interaction in photosensitive materials. (C) 2002 Optical Society of America.
研究論文（学術雑誌）, 英語 - Photofabrication of three-dimensional photonic crystals by multibeam laser interference into a photopolymerizable resin
S Shoji; S Kawata
APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS, AMER INST PHYSICS, 76巻, 19号, 掲載ページ 2668-2670, 出版日 2000年05月, 査読付, Three-dimensional (3D) photonic crystal structures can be fabricated into photopolymerizable resins by using laser beam interference with high precision. Three laser beams interfere into a glass cell filled with a liquid photopolymerizable resin to form a hexagonal periodic structure. Rods are formed in a hexagonal arrangement after being photopolymerzed according to the 3D periodic light distribution which results from the laser's interference. Two beams of another laser also interfere to form layers which cross perpendicular to the rod array. After photofabrication, the nonsolidified resin is removed by ethanol. The lattice constant can be selected by tuning the angles of the incident beams and the laser wavelength. We have fabricated a 500 mu mx500 mu mx150 mu m photonic crystal structure, the lattice constant of which is 1 mu m and contains 150 lateral layers. (C) 2000 American Institute of Physics. [S0003- 6951(00)04519-8].
研究論文（学術雑誌）, 英語 - Photo-fabrication of 3D photonic crystal by multi-beam laser interference
S Shoji; S Kawata
MICRO- AND NANO-PHOTONIC MATERIALS AND DEVICES, SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING, 3937巻, 掲載ページ 12-17, 出版日 2000年, 査読付, Three-dimensional(3D) photonic crystal structures can be fabricated into photopolymerizable resins by using laser beams interference with high precision. Three laser beams interfere into a glass cell filled with a liquid photopolymerizable resin to form a hexagonal periodic structure. Rods are formed in hexagonal arrangement after being photopolymerzed according to the 3D periodic light distribution which resulted from the lasers interference. Two beams of another laser interfere also to form layers which cross perpendicularly the rods array. After photo-fabrication, the non-solidified resin is removed by ethanol. The lattice constant can be selected by tuning the angles of the incident beams and the laser wavelength. We have fabricated a 500 m * 500 m * 500 m photonic crystal structure, the lattice constant of which is 1 m, and which contains 150 lateral layers.
研究論文（国際会議プロシーディングス）, 英語 - Optically-induced growth of fiber patterns into a photopolymerizable resin
S Shoji; S Kawata
APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS, AMER INST PHYSICS, 75巻, 5号, 掲載ページ 737-739, 出版日 1999年08月, 査読付, We present evidence of optically-induced growth of fiber patterns into a photopolymerizable resin. Optical growth of a single or multiple fibers is achieved by focusing an ultraviolet (UV)-laser light into the photopolymerizable resin used. The fiber growth is due to an effect in which photopolymerization of the resin upon light irradiation produces an increase of the resin refractive index, the change of which, in turn, confines the light propagation into waveguide-type fiber structures. We have also observed that two optically grown independent fibers can merge to form a single fiber under specific conditions. We have studied the dependence of this optical growth of fiber structures phenomena on all the experimental parameters, including the numerical aperture (NA) of the lens used to focus the light, the light power, and the exposure time. (C) 1999 American Institute of Physics. [S0003-6951(99)01131-6].
研究論文（学術雑誌）, 英語 - Optically induced self-growing of fiber structure in a photopolymerizable resin
S Shoji; S Kawata
OPTICAL ENGINEERING FOR SENSING AND NANOTECHNOLOGY (ICOSN'99), SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING, 3740巻, 掲載ページ 376-379, 出版日 1999年, 査読付, We present evidence of optically-induced growth of fiber patterns into a photopolymerizable resin. Optical growth of a single or multiple fibers is achieved by focusing a laser light into the photopolymerizable resin used The fiber growth is due to an effect in which photopolymerization of the resin upon light irradiation produces an increase of the resin refractive index, the change of which, in turn, confines the light propagation into waveguide-type fiber structures. We have also observed that two optically grown independent fibers can merge to form a single fiber under specific conditions. We have studied, the dependence of this optical growth of fiber structures phenomena on all the experimental parameters, including the numerical aperture (N.A.) Of the lens used to focus the light, the light power, and the exposure time.
研究論文（国際会議プロシーディングス）, 英語 - Photofabrication of a photonic crystal using interference of UV laser
S Shoji; N Smith; S Kawata
OPTICAL ENGINEERING FOR SENSING AND NANOTECHNOLOGY (ICOSN'99), SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING, 3740巻, 掲載ページ 541-544, 出版日 1999年, 査読付, We have developed a method to fabricate photonic crystals using an interference pattern of laser beams. Photopolymerizable resin is used for solidifying a lattice. Interference of two beams forms a one-dimensional grid and a two-dimensional lattice, and that of three beams forms a three-dimensional hexagonal lattice. The experimental setup and the process of fabrication are described. The use of the structure to photonic crystal is also discussed.
研究論文（国際会議プロシーディングス）, 英語 - Pico-Newton friction force measurements using a laser-trapped microsphere
Y Inouye; S Shoji; H Furukawa; O Nakamura; S Kawata
JAPANESE JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS PART 2-LETTERS, JAPAN J APPLIED PHYSICS, 37巻, 6A号, 掲載ページ L684-L686, 出版日 1998年06月, 査読付, We have developed a system for measuring the force of friction by using the technique of laser-trapping. A polystyrene microsphere of a 3 mu m diameter is trapped in a water layer using a focused near infrared laser. While the sample is scanned, all of the viscous, friction, and radiation forces are induced in the microsphere. The friction force acting on the microsphere is estimated by the viscous force obtained from the scanning speed of the stage using Stokes law, and the radiation force is obtained by the displacement of the microsphere. We demonstrate experimentally the existence of a linear relationship between the force of radiation and the displacement. We found that the value of the spring constant of the radiation force is 7.2 mu N/m. Furthermore, we measured both the friction force acting on the probe on a Bat quartz substrate surface and that at the edge of small steps. The magnitude of these forces are 0.88 pN and 1.23 pN, respectively.
研究論文（学術雑誌）, 英語 - Photon-Induced Micro/Nano Fabrication, Manipulation, and Imaging with Unconventional Photo-Active Systems
Satoshi Kawata; Kenji Okamoto; Satoru Shoji
MOLECULAR CRYSTALS AND LIQUID CRYSTALS SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY SECTION A-MOLECULAR CRYSTALS AND LIQUID CRYSTALS, GORDON BREACH PUBLISHING, TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP, 314巻, 1号, 掲載ページ 173-178, 出版日 1998年, 査読付, We describe about the optical technologies of fabrication, control and imaging of micro/nano structures using unconventional photo-active systems. A focused beam of a near-infrared pulsed laser with a peak power of some ten kilowatts scans in three dimensions to form three-dimensional micro-structures such as micro-tubes and microcoils with photo-polymerizable material, based on two-photon excitation/absorption process. Three-dimensional optical data-storage which contains data in a volumetric medium is also realized with two-photon process in a photorefractive crystal or with a photochromic molecule for recording and with confocal microscopic optics for phase-reading. We will also show our experimental result of self-growing of micro-fiber in photopolymer by the exposure of a stationary focused laser beam. These technologies can be coupled with the currently progressing near-filed optical technology for observation, fabrication and control of nanometric structures.
研究論文（学術雑誌）, 英語 - Optically induced growing of fiber patterns into a photopolymerizable resin
S. Shoji; S. Kawata
Technical Digest of CLEO 1998 Conference, 掲載ページ 187, 出版日 1998年, 査読付
研究論文（国際会議プロシーディングス）, 英語
MISC
書籍等出版物
- 光圧 −物質制御のための新しい光制御−
庄司 暁
学術書, 日本語, 共著, 第２部第８章, 朝倉書店, 出版日 2020年 - カーボンナノチューブの表面処理・分散技術と複合化事例
庄司 暁
学術書, 日本語, 共著, 第10章 第4節, 技術情報協会, 出版日 2020年 - Nanofabrication Handbook
S. Shoji; S. Kawata
学術書, 英語, 分担執筆, Two-photon lithography, Taylor & Francis, 出版日 2012年 - The Oxford Handbook of Nanoscience and Nanomaterials
S. Shoji; R. P. Zaccaria; S. Kawata
事典・辞書, 英語, 分担執筆, Holographic laser processing for three-dimensional photonic lattices, OXFORD, 出版日 2010年 - Nanophotonics Integrating Photochemistry, Optics and Nano/Bio Materials Studies
H.-B. Sun; S. Shoji; X.-M. Duan; S. Kawata
学術書, 英語, 分担執筆, Chapter 17 Laser micro-nanofabrication for functional photonic crystals, ELSEVIER, 出版日 2004年 - ナノテクノロジーハンドブックI 編「創る」
庄司 暁; 河田 聡
事典・辞書, 日本語, 分担執筆, ２光子光重合加工, オーム社, 出版日 2004年 - ナノテクノロジーハンドブックIII 編「IT へ使う」
庄司 暁; 河田 聡
事典・辞書, 日本語, 分担執筆, フォトニック結晶干渉法生成, オーム社, 出版日 2004年
講演・口頭発表等
- 中空マイクロガラス管を使った高感度ラマン分光分析法”、第73回コロイドおよび界面化学討論会
庄司 暁
口頭発表（招待・特別）, 日本語, 第73回コロイドおよび界面化学討論会, 国内会議
発表日 2022年09月20日 - 光学材料としてのカーボンナノチューブ
庄司 暁
公開講演，セミナー，チュートリアル，講習，講義等, 日本語, 岡山大学次世代研究育成グループ事業 オンライン講演会
発表日 2022年01月27日 - 光圧を創る：光圧印加による非球形粒子の挙動と形状分離の特性
庄司 暁
口頭発表（招待・特別）, 日本語, 「光圧によるナノ物質操作と秩序の創生」第５回公開シンポジウム, 国内会議
発表日 2019年01月23日
担当経験のある科目_授業
- K過程輪講のみ
The University of Electro-Communications - K過程輪講のみ
電気通信大学 - 学域特別講義A（基盤理工学Ｂ）(Current Topics in Fundamental Science and Engineering B)
The University of Electro-Communications - 学域特別講義A（基盤理工学Ｂ）(Current Topics in Fundamental Science and Engineering B)
電気通信大学 - 固体ソフトマターフォトニクス特論
The University of Electro-Communications - 固体ソフトマターフォトニクス特論
電気通信大学 - 光波工学
The University of Electro-Communications - 光波工学
電気通信大学 - 光工学実験第一
The University of Electro-Communications - 光工学実験第一
電気通信大学 - 基盤理工学専攻基礎
電気通信大学 - 基盤理工学専攻基礎
電気通信大学 - 波動と光
電気通信大学 - 光工学実験第二
The University of Electro-Communications - 光工学実験第二
電気通信大学 - 光工学実験第二
電気通信大学 - 波動と光
The University of Electro-Communications - 波動と光
電気通信大学 - 光エレクトロニクス実験第二
電気通信大学 - ナノフォトニクス特論
The University of Electro-Communications - ナノフォトニクス特論
電気通信大学 - 物理学概論第一
The University of Electro-Communications - 光エレクトロニクス実験第二
The University of Electro-Communications - 光エレクトロニクス実験第二
電気通信大学 - 総合コミュニケーション科学
電気通信大学 - 総合コミュニケーション科学
電気通信大学 - Nanophotonics
The University of Electro-Communications - ナノフォトニクス特論
電気通信大学 - 光エレクトロニクス実験第一
The University of Electro-Communications - 物理学概論第一
電気通信大学 - 物理学概論第一
電気通信大学 - 光エレクトロニクス実験第一
電気通信大学 - 光エレクトロニクス実験第一
電気通信大学
Works_作品等
共同研究・競争的資金等の研究課題
- 光照射下で成長する銀樹状構造の形状制御と光機能探究
武安 伸幸; 紀和 利彦; 庄司 暁; 大久保 貴広; 狩野 旬
日本学術振興会, 科学研究費助成事業, 岡山大学, 基盤研究(B), 23H01881
研究期間 2023年04月01日 - 2026年03月31日 - 光圧によるナノ物質操作と秩序の創生（光圧を創る：物質自由度を活用した操作の高度化）
岡本裕巳
研究期間 2016年06月30日 - 2021年03月31日 - レーザー光照射と応力印加を用いた金属／ガラス複合材料のナノ構造形成法の開発
庄司 暁
公益財団法人 天田財団, 一般研究開発助成
研究期間 2020年11月28日 - フォトニッククロマトグラフィーの原理と技術創出
研究期間 2016年04月01日 - 2019年03月31日 - 局所表面プラズモンの飽和効果の探求と超解像顕微法への応用
庄司 暁
科学技術振興機構 国際科学技術基盤整備事業（日台）, 研究助成, 研究代表者
研究期間 2011年04月01日 - 2015年03月31日 - 紫外プラズモニクスの開拓
河田 聡
研究期間 2009年04月01日 - 2014年03月31日 - ２光子加工法を駆使したナノ領域でのポリマーの力学特性の解明
庄司 暁
財団法人キヤノン財団, 研究助成, 研究代表者
研究期間 2011年04月01日 - 2013年03月31日 - 非線形光学応答分子の開発と高空間分解観察・加工への応用
庄司 暁
日本学術振興会 二国間交流事業（日中）, 研究助成, 研究代表者
研究期間 2011年04月01日 - 2013年03月31日 - ポリマーの力学特性におけるナノサイズ効果に関する研究
庄司 暁
研究代表者
研究期間 2010年04月01日 - 2012年03月31日 - 光放射圧による単層カーボンナノチューブのカイラリティ選別法の開発
庄司 暁
研究代表者
研究期間 2009年04月01日 - 2012年03月31日 - ナノメートル領域におけるポリマー材料の弾性および転移温度のサイズ依存性に関する研究
庄司 暁
公益財団法人池谷科学技術財団, 研究助成, 研究代表者
研究期間 2009年04月01日 - 2010年03月31日 - 共鳴効果を応用したナノ微粒子のマニピュレーション技術の開発
庄司 暁
研究代表者
研究期間 2008年04月01日 - 2009年03月31日 - Optical polarizer made of mechanically aligned carbon nanotubes
庄司 暁
財団法人村田学術振興財団, 海外渡航助成, 研究代表者
研究期間 2007年04月01日 - 2008年03月31日
産業財産権
- ３次元フォトニック結晶を形成する方法
特許権, 河田 聡, 庄司 暁, 特願2003-358785, 出願日: 2003年10月20日, 特開2005-122002, 公開日: 2005年05月12日 - ３次元フォトニック結晶を形成する方法
特許権, 河田 聡, 庄司 暁, 特願2002-237365, 出願日: 2002年08月16日, 特開2004-77747, 公開日: 2004年03月11日 - レーザー干渉によるフォトニック結晶構造の作成方法
特許権, 河田 聡, 庄司 暁, 特願平11-141438, 出願日: 1999年05月21日, 特開2000-329920, 公開日: 2000年11月30日